Simple Present Tense, Part II

Dalam Materi sebelumnya (Sipmle Present Tense, Part I (is, am,are) telah dibahas mengenai Simple Present Tense dalam kalimat Nominal. Untuk bahasan kali ini kita akan membahas Simple Present Tense dalam kalimat verbal. Dalam hal ini kita akan menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama.

Berikut Formula kalimatnya:

Kalimat positif     =  Subject (I, you, we, they) + VI + O
Kalimat negatif    =  S + DO Not + V1 + O
Kalimat Introgatif:
   Yes/No Question
            DO + S + V1 + O + ?
   WH Question
          WH Question + DO + S + VI + O + ?

Contoh:

I go to school everyday.
I do not go to school everyday.
Do you go to school everyday? Yes, I do/ No, I do not

They study English every Monday.
They Do not study English every Monday.
Do They study English every Monday? Yes, They do/ No, they do not.

We cook in the kitchen every morning.
We do not cook in the kitchen every morning.
Do we cook in the kitchen every morning? Yes, we do/ No, We do not.

The boys come late.
The boys do not come late.
Do the boys come late? Yes, they do/ No, they do not.

Contoh kalimat tanya dengan WH Questions (When, who, where, what, why, how, etc)

What do you cook every morning? I cook rice every morning.
What time do they get up? They get up at 6.
Where do Toni and Anton go every morning? They go to school every morning.
Why do you love me? Because you love me, too.

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Apabila Subject kalimat tersebut orang ketiga tunggal (she, he, it) berikut ini formulanya:

S + VI + es/s + O
S + Does not + VI + O
Does + S + Vi + ?

Contoh:

She goes to school every morning.
She does not go to school every morning.
Does she go to school every morning? Yes, she does/ No, she does not

He gets up late.
He does not get up late.
Does he get up late? Yes,  he does/ No, he does not.

The cat eats fish everyday.
The cat does not eat fish everyday.
Does the cat eat fish everyday? Yes, it does / No, it does not.

contoh lainnya;

Toni watches TV every night.
Toni Does not watch TV every night.
Does Toni watch TV every night? Yes, He does/ No, he does not.

Shinta washes the dishes.
Shinta does not wash the dishes.
Does Shinta wash the dishes? Yes, she does/ No, she does not.

Dari contoh di atas, jelas bahwa penambahan s/es hanya dalam kalimat positif saja, tidak pada kalimat negatif dan kalimat tanya. Apa bila kalimat introgatif tersebut menggunakan WH Questions atau pertannyaan tersebut adalah information question, maka kata kerja pada jawabannya harus menggunakan s/es. Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini:

What time does your mother take a bath? She takes a bath at 5.
Where does your father usually go in the morning? He usually goes to his office.
How does Toni go to school? He goes to school by car.

ketentuan penambahan s/es:

Apa bila kata kerja tersebut berakhiran "sh, ch, O,ss  dan X", maka kata kerja tersebut ditambah "es"
contoh:

wash           washes
brush          brushes
watch          watches
catch           catches
go                goes
do                does
box              boxes
kiss              kisses
miss             misses

Apabila kata kerja tersebut berakhiran "y" dan huruf sebelum huruf "y" terebut adalah huruf konsonan, maka "y" diganti degang "ies"

contoh:
study           studies
cry               cries
dry              dries
fly               flies

Bila kata kerja tersebut berakhira "y" dan sebelum huruf "y" tersebut adalah huruf vokal, maka tinggal menambahkan "s" saja.

contoh:
play        plays
say         says
pay         pays
stay        stays

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Do not  = Don't
Does not = Doesn't

Kata keterangan yang biasa dipakai dalam Simple Present Tense:

every ...(setiap...)

Always (selalu)
usually (biasanya)
often   (sering)
sometimes (kadang-kadang)
seldom (jarang)
generally (umumnya, biasanya)
never (tidak pernah)

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